Breast cancer: pathogenesis and treatments
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than 2 million new cases in 2020, and its incidence and death rates have increased over the last three decades.
Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women worldwide with more than 2 million new cases in 2020. Its incidence and death rates have increased over the last three decades due to changes in risk factor profiles, better cancer registration, and improved detection. Approximately 80% of patients with BC are individuals aged >50. Survival depends on both stage and molecular subtype. Invasive BCs comprise a wide spectrum of tumors that vary in clinical presentation, behavior, and morphology. Based on mRNA gene expression levels, BC can be divided into molecular subtypes (Luminal A, Luminal B, HER2-enriched, and basal-like). The eighth edition of TNM classification provides a new staging system that, in addition to anatomical features, acknowledges biological factors. Treatment of breast cancer is complex and involves a combination of modalities including surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and biological therapies delivered in diverse sequences.
Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed cancer among women worldwide with over 2 million new cases every year, and its increased incidence and mortality underscore the urgent need for early detection, risk stratification, and multimodal therapy based on molecular subtypes.
Bizonyítékszint: Korai humán adat. Kis vagy feltáró emberi adat.
Kapcsolódó jelek
- 20‑Year Risks of Breast‑Cancer Recurrence after Stopping Endocrine Therapy at 5 Years
- Breast Cancer: The good, the bad, and an important call to effective risk reduction strategies
- Clinical Trials in Cancer - Transforming Clinical Research in the United States - NCBI Bookshelf
- Decoding Clinical Trials in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Practical Insights for Optimal Therapy Sequencing
- The SURVIVE study (NCT05658172): Bringing breast cancer aftercare to the 21st century: Study protocol of a Phase III clinical trial comparing liquid biopsy guided vs. Standard of care surveillance for intermediate to high-risk breast cancer survivors - PMC