BONES Study: Evaluation and Staging

Cancer research · Osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most prevalent form of bone cancer in dogs.

High‑grade osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumour mainly affecting children and young adults. The European and American Osteosarcoma Study (EURAMOS‑1) is a collaboration of four study groups aiming to improve outcomes of this rare disease by facilitating randomised controlled trials. Between April 2005 and June 2011, 2260 patients were registered. For all registered patients at a median follow‑up of 54 months (inter‑quartile range: 38–73) from biopsy, 3‑year and 5‑year event‑free survival were 59 % (95 % CI: 57–61 %) and 54 % (95 % CI: 52–56 %), respectively. Multivariate analyses showed that the most adverse factors at diagnosis were pulmonary metastases (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.34, 95 % CI: 1.95–2.81), non‑pulmonary metastases (HR = 1.94, 95 % CI: 1.38–2.73) or an axial skeleton tumour site (HR = 1.53, 95 % CI: 1.10–2.13). The 3‑year and 5‑year overall survival from biopsy were 79 % (95 % CI: 77–81 %) and 71 % (95 % CI: 68–73 %), respectively. In conclusion, data from >2000 patients registered to EURAMOS‑1 demonstrated survival rates in concordance with institution‑or‑group‑level osteosarcoma trials. Further efforts are required to drive improvements for patients who can be identified to be at higher risk of adverse outcome.

Over 90 % of dogs eventually die because osteosarcoma spreads to the lungs.

Evidence level: Sejtvonalas. Laboratóriumi sejtekben vizsgálták.

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