Next-generation osteosarcoma models for precision medicine

Rákkutatás · Osteosarcoma · TP53 · KRAS · BRAF

The article argues that next‑generation osteosarcoma models—such as 3D in‑vitro systems, organ‑on‑chip technologies, and in silico computational models—offer a more accurate framework for precision medicine in osteosarcoma.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive bone malignancy that predominantly affects adolescents and young adults. Despite progress in conventional treatment approaches such as surgery and chemotherapy, patient outcomes remain poor due to OS metastatic potential, chemoresistance, and frequent recurrence. Recent advancements in novel therapeutic strategies, including molecular inhibitors, gene‑based interventions, immuno‑ and radiotherapies, have emerged, but OS is still not well understood due to its complexity and heterogeneity. Tissue engineering and predictive preclinical models offer a good toolbox to study OS and produce patient‑tailored therapeutic protocols. This review discusses the recent development of tissue engineering‑based strategies and OS‑mimicking preclinical models such as 3D in vitro models, organ‑on‑chip technologies, and predictive computational (in silico) models. These models enable better replication of the native OS tumour microenvironment, opening the door to more representative high‑throughput drug screening tools and patient‑tailored treatment strategies.

The article underscores the urgent need for more predictable and personalized therapeutic strategies in osteosarcoma, a disease with high metastatic rates and poor survival outcomes. By advancing preclinical and computational models that faithfully recapitulate the tumour microenvironment, researchers can accelerate the discovery and optimization of effective, precision‑based treatments.

Bizonyítékszint: Feltételezés / hírjelzés. Nincs önálló tudományos bizonyíték.

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