Multiple Myeloma Workup

Cancer research · Multiple myeloma · TP53

The workup in patients suspected to have multiple myeloma (MM) includes the following laboratory and imaging tests: Complete blood count (CBC) and peripheral smear, kidney and liver function tests, serum calcium, serum uric acid, serum LDH and beta-2 microglobulin, serum quantitative immunoglobulins, serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), serum immunofixation electrophoresis (SIFE), 24‑hour urine for total protein and protein electrophoresis, serum free light chain (FLC) assay, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy with flow cytometry and cytogenetics, and whole‑body imaging with CT, PET/CT or MRI.

This Medscape article provides a comprehensive, evidence‑based overview of the standard work‑up for patients with suspected multiple myeloma (MM). It outlines the mandatory laboratory investigations—CBC, renal and hepatic panels, calcium, uric acid, LDH, beta‑2 microglobulin, immunoglobulin levels, SPEP/SIFE, FLC assay, and 24‑hour urine protein studies—as well as bone marrow evaluation with flow cytometry and cytogenetic analysis. The article also details the preferred imaging modalities (whole‑body CT, PET/CT, or MRI) for detecting lytic bone lesions and monitoring treatment response.

Accurate and timely diagnosis of MM is crucial for early risk stratification, selection of optimal therapy, and improved patient outcomes. This work‑up protocol standardizes diagnostic steps, ensuring clinicians collect the most informative laboratory and imaging data, thereby facilitating precise staging and guiding therapeutic decisions.

Evidence level: Számítógépes vagy elméleti. Modellből vagy adatbányászatból származó jel.

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