Can Immunotherapy Succeed in Glioblastoma?
Immune‑based therapies for glioblastoma have not yet improved survival in phase 3 clinical trials, highlighting significant challenges unique to brain tumours.
This article reviews the current state of immunotherapy for glioblastoma, discussing why the blood‑brain barrier, immune‐cell exhaustion, and steroid use hinder therapeutic success and summarises major phase 1‑3 trials, including failures of nivolumab and rindopepimut and promising early data from oncolytic viruses and CAR‑T strategies.
Glioblastoma is a highly lethal brain cancer with limited treatment options. Effective immunotherapy could substantially improve survival and quality of life for patients who currently have a median survival of fewer than two years.
Evidence level: Megerősített klinikai bizonyíték. Több vagy erősebb humán vizsgálat támogatja.
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