Colorectal cancer risk linked to gut microbiome alterations

Rákkutatás · Colorectal cancer

Incidence of early‑onset colorectal cancer is rising sharply in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States, driven by age‑period‑cohort effects that begin in cohorts born around 1955‑1960 and are projected to cause incidence to double every 15 years.

Scientists from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) applied a formal age‑period‑cohort model to assess early‑onset colorectal cancer trends in Australia, Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The analysis identified a pronounced increase beginning in cohorts born from 1955 to 1960, with rates rising 4–5% per year, and up to 6% per year in England, especially among very young adults. If current trends persist, incidence is projected to double approximately every 15 years in both sexes. These findings imply novel, unknown exposures occurring in childhood or early adulthood may be driving the rise and highlight the need for strategies to identify and mitigate underlying causes.

The observed age‑period‑cohort effect underscores a pressing public health challenge: the rapid rise of colorectal cancer before age 50. Understanding and intervening in the underlying modifiable exposures could alter trajectories, improve early detection strategies, and guide resource allocation for screening and prevention.

Bizonyítékszint: Klinikai vizsgálat. Formális klinikai vizsgálati eredmény.

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