Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Hepatitis B and chronic hepatitis C infection account for more than 70% of hepatocellular carcinoma cases.
This review summarizes current knowledge on the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It discusses major risk factors (viral hepatitis B and C, alcoholic liver disease, NAFLD), genetic alterations (TP53, CTNNB1, AXIN1, ARID1A, ARID2, TERT), diagnostic modalities (alpha‑fetoprotein, imaging, biopsy), and treatment strategies (surgical resection, liver transplantation, ablation, TACE). The article highlights the importance of surveillance in at‑risk populations and outlines challenges in early detection and therapeutic decision‑making.
Hepatocellular carcinoma remains a leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Understanding its risk factors, molecular drivers, and optimal management strategies is essential for improving early detection, treatment outcomes, and patient survival.
Bizonyítékszint: Klinikai vizsgálat. Formális klinikai vizsgálati eredmény.
Kapcsolódó jelek
- Quercetin suppresses the progression of HBV-associated hepatocellular carcinoma by modulating the EGFR signaling pathway
- Lenvatinib versus sorafenib in first-line treatment of patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a randomised phase 3 non-inferiority trial
- Surgical treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma: expert consensus statement
- Loco-regional treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma
- Real‑World Outcomes of Atezolizumab‑Bevacizumab in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Prospective French CHIEF Cohort