Lymph node-targeted, mKRAS-specific amphiphile vaccine in pancreatic and colorectal cancer: phase 1 AMPLIFY-201 trial final results

Cancer research · Hepatocellular carcinoma · KRAS

Lymph node-targeting amphiphile vaccination induces persistent T cell responses targeting oncogenic driver KRAS mutations, alongside personalized, tumor antigen‑specific T cells, which may correlate to clinical outcomes in pancreatic and colorectal cancer.

Cellular immunity, mediated by tumor antigen-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, has a critical role in the success of cancer immunotherapy by targeting intracellular driver and passenger tumor mutations. We present the final results of the phase 1 AMPLIFY-201 trial, in which patients who completed standard locoregional treatment, with minimal residual mKRAS disease (n = 25, 20 pancreatic cancer and 5 colorectal cancer), received monotherapy vaccination with lymph node-targeting ELI‑002 2P, including mutant KRAS (mKRAS) amphiphile‑peptide antigens (G12D, G12R) and amphiphile‑adjuvant CpG‑7909. At a median follow‑up of 19.7 months, efficacy correlated with mKRAS‑specific T cell responses above or below a threshold 9.17‑fold increase over baseline, with median radiographic relapse‑free survival not reached, versus 3.02 months (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.12, P = 0.0002) and median overall survival not reached versus 15.98 months (HR = 0.23, P = 0.0099). Seventy‑one percent of evaluable patients induced both CD4+ and CD8+ subsets, with sustained immunogenicity. Following ELI‑002 2P treatment, antigen spreading was observed in 67% of patients, with increased T cells reactive to personalized, tumor antigens absent from the ELI‑002 2P vaccine. Therefore, lymph node‑targeting amphiphile vaccination induces persistent T cell responses targeting oncogenic driver KRAS mutations, alongside personalized, tumor antigen‑specific T cells, which may correlate to clinical outcomes in pancreatic and colorectal cancer.

This study demonstrates that a lymph‑node‑targeted amphiphile vaccine can elicit durable, antigen‑specific T‑cell responses that correlate with prolonged relapse‑free survival and overall survival in patients with minimal residual disease after resection of pancreatic or colorectal cancer, highlighting a promising immunotherapeutic strategy for these traditionally immunotherapy‑resistant tumors.

Evidence level: Állatkísérletes. Állatmodellben vizsgálták.

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