Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment (PDQ®)

Rákkutatás · Acute lymphoblastic leukemia · TP53

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology represents a promising therapeutic approach that may improve outcomes for patients with T‑cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‑ALL).

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a prevalent malignancy affecting the hematopoietic system, encompassing both B‑cell ALL (B‑ALL) and T‑cell ALL (T‑ALL). T‑ALL, characterized by the proliferation of T‑cell progenitors in the bone marrow, presents significant treatment challenges, with patients often experiencing high relapse rates and poor long‑term survival despite advances in chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This review explores the pathogenesis and traditional treatment strategies of T‑ALL, emphasizing the promising potential of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) technology in overcoming current therapeutic limitations. CAR therapy, leveraging genetically modified immune cells to target leukemia‑specific antigens, offers a novel and precise approach to T‑ALL treatment. The review critically analyzes recent developments in CAR‑T and CAR‑NK cell therapies, their common targets, optimization strategies, clinical outcomes, and the associated challenges, providing a comprehensive overview of their clinical prospects in T‑ALL treatment.

T‑ALL patients exhibit high relapse rates and limited long‑term survival with conventional chemotherapy or HSCT, underscoring the urgent need for innovative therapies that can specifically target leukemic cells while sparing normal tissues.

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